TCM pattern · Qi deficiency

Lung Qi Deficiency

肺气虚 Fei Qi Xu Lung system

The Lung is too weak to breathe deeply or guard the surface. A quiet voice, shortness of breath on effort, a weak lingering cough, sweating in the daytime for no reason, and catching every cold that passes. Pale, tired, and easily winded.

The Lung is a bellows and a wall. When its qi is low the bellows is shallow and the wall has gaps, so you are both short of breath and open to every draft.

4 formulas Updated 2026-10-12 View API data

How to recognize Lung Qi Deficiency

The signs that point most strongly to this pattern:

  1. Shortness of breath on effort, shallow breathing
  2. Weak voice, no wish to talk
  3. Catching every cold, slow to recover
  4. Daytime sweating for no reason
  5. A weak cough that lingers after an illness

Also common

  • Pale face
  • Tiredness
  • Dislike of wind and cold
  • Thin watery phlegm
Tongue
Pale with a thin white coat.
Pulse
Weak, especially at the right wrist.

Formulas for Lung Qi Deficiency

Herbs that matter most for Lung Qi Deficiency

  • Huang Qi Root of Membranous Milkvetch Astragalus tonifies Lung qi and firms the surface.
  • Dang Shen Dang Shen Root Codonopsis tonifies Lung and Spleen qi.
  • Ren Shen Ginseng Ginseng, the strongest qi tonic, for real weakness.
  • Wu Wei Zi Chinese Magnoliavine Fruit Schisandra holds the Lung qi in and stops the sweat.
  • Shan Yao Chinese Yam Rhizome Chinese yam gently tonifies Lung, Spleen, and Kidney.
  • Bai Zhu Rhizome of Largehead Atractylodes Atractylodes strengthens the Spleen that feeds the Lung.

How Lung Qi Deficiency differs from its look-alikes

  • Lung Yin Deficiency Yin deficiency is dry and warm: a dry cough, a red tongue, night sweats. Qi deficiency is weak and pale with daytime sweats and a quiet voice.
  • Spleen Qi Deficiency The Spleen version is about digestion: bloating, loose stools, tiredness after meals. The two often need treating together.

What drains into Lung Qi Deficiency

  • Repeated colds and chest infections
  • Long illness or long bed rest
  • Smoking
  • Spleen qi deficiency, since the Spleen feeds the Lung
  • Grief
  • Overwork and a stooped sitting posture

Food and habits that help Lung Qi Deficiency

  • Breathe deeply on purpose a few times a day; the bellows strengthens with use.
  • Warm cooked food to feed the Spleen that feeds the Lung.
  • Keep the neck and upper back covered in wind.
  • No smoking, and stay away from smoke.
  • Sit up straight; a folded chest cannot fill.

What should change as Lung Qi Deficiency improves

  • Daytime sweating eases within two to three weeks.
  • Colds come less often and clear faster over a season.
  • The voice and breath strengthen over one to two months.

Conditions where Lung Qi Deficiency shows up

Sources

  • Maciocia, The Foundations of Chinese Medicine, 3rd edition Lung qi deficiency.
  • Bensky, Scheid, Ellis and Barolet, Chinese Herbal Medicine: Formulas and Strategies, 2nd edition Yu Ping Feng San, Sheng Mai San.

Important Note

A pattern is a picture, not a diagnosis. Most people carry two patterns at once, and the signs here are the classic ones, not a checklist. Use this page to recognize yourself, read a formula label with understanding, and ask a qualified practitioner a sharper question.