Root of Medicinal Cyathula
- Chinese
- 川牛膝
- Pinyin
- Chuan Niu Xi
- Latin
- Radix Cyathulae
Known in TCM as Chuan Niu Xi (川牛膝), this bitter and sour, neutral herb enters the Liver and Kidney. Traditionally, it invigorates Blood and unblocks the channels ... Chuan Niu Xi is used for lower-body stasis patterns such as traumatic pain, amenorrhea, and fixed obstruction in the legs, low back, or joints, most often applied for low back pain, joint pain, and amenorrhea. Modern research has identified Cyasterone among its active constituents.
Part used: Root
Also Known As
Latin: Radix Cyathulae | Pinyin: Chuan Niu Xi | Chinese: 川牛膝
TCM Properties
- Taste
- bitter, sour
- Temperature
- neutral
- Channels
- Liver, Kidney
Traditional Use
Primary Actions
- Invigorates Blood and unblocks the channels ... Chuan Niu Xi is used for lower-body stasis patterns such as traumatic pain, amenorrhea, and fixed obstruction in the legs, low back, or joints.
- Guides Blood and rising heat downward ... it is chosen when headache, dizziness, or upward flaring patterns need a root that both descends and moves.
- Strengthens sinews and bones ... compared with more tonic Niu Xi lanes, this Cyathula source is usually read as the more channel-opening and movement-focused sibling for weak knees and chronic soreness.
- Promotes urination and frees the lower burner ... some traditions extend it to strangury or swelling patterns when damp obstruction and stasis coexist.
Secondary Actions
- This page stays on the longer, more twisted Cyathula officinalis trade root rather than the Achyranthes bidentata Niu Xi and Huai Niu Xi lanes already in the library.
- It is usually chosen when movement, downward guidance, and collateral-opening matter more than deep tonic rebuilding.
Classic Formulas
- Shu Jing Huo Xue Tang style wind-damp and trauma formulas ... Chuan Niu Xi is added when lower-body stasis and painful obstruction need a stronger channel-opening root.
- Lower-body pain combinations with Du Zhong, Sang Ji Sheng, or Xu Duan ... common pairing logic for weak knees, chronic soreness, and lingering obstruction.
- Blood-stasis formulas modified for the pelvis or legs ... practitioners may add Chuan Niu Xi when the pattern needs both movement and downward guidance.
Classical References
- Traditional herbology groups Chuan Niu Xi among herbs that invigorate Blood while also guiding fire and Blood downward.
- Later differentiation between Chuan Niu Xi and Huai Niu Xi emphasizes that the Cyathula source is more strongly channel-opening and blood-moving, while the Achyranthes source is often treated as broader and more tonic.
Modern Research
Active Compounds
- Cyasterone and related phytoecdysteroids ... marker constituents discussed in modern Cyathulae Radix research
- Oligo/polysaccharides ... major hydrophilic fractions studied for immunomodulatory and tissue-repair effects
- Triterpenoid saponins ... constituents linked to anti-inflammatory and circulation-oriented pharmacology
Studied Effects
- A 2026 review synthesized botany, ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, safety, and quality control for Cyathulae Radix, showing that Chuan Niu Xi now has a much fuller modern evidence base than many regional Niu Xi variants (PMID 41260548).
- A branched levan-type fructan isolated from Cyathula officinalis roots showed wound-healing activity in a 2026 study, supporting the herb's traditional reputation for helping damaged tissues recover after obstruction or injury (PMID 42280282).
- A 2024 review of oligo/polysaccharides from Cyathula officinalis and Achyranthes bidentata highlighted the overlap and distinction between the two Niu Xi families at the level of bioactive sugar fractions (PMID 38243389).
PubMed References
- Cyathulae radix: A comprehensive review of botany, ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, pharmacological effects, pharmacokinetics, safety and toxicity, processing methods, analysis methods, and quality control. (2026)
- Structure and Wound-Healing Activity of a Branched Levan-Type Fructan from Cyathula officinalis Roots. (2026)
- Oligo/polysaccharides from Cyathula officinalis and Achyranthes bidentata: a review of structures and bioactivities. (2024)
Safety & Interactions
Contraindications
- Pregnancy or attempts to conceive
- Heavy menstrual bleeding or active hemorrhage without stasis
- Marked Spleen deficiency with loose stool if the downward-moving action is inappropriate
Cautions
- Because Chuan Niu Xi moves Blood and guides downward, unsupervised use can aggravate bleeding or uterine activity.
- Authenticated sourcing matters because Niu Xi names circulate across different botanical sources with meaningfully different clinical emphasis.
Conditions
- Low Back Pain Traditional ★★★★☆ JSON
- Joint Pain Traditional ★★★★☆ JSON
- Amenorrhea Traditional ★★★☆☆ JSON
- Traumatic Injury Traditional ★★★☆☆ JSON
- Hypertension Traditional ★★☆☆☆ JSON
- Dizziness Traditional ★★☆☆☆ JSON
Frequently Asked Questions
What is Root of Medicinal Cyathula used for?
Root of Medicinal Cyathula is traditionally used to Invigorates Blood and unblocks the channels ... Chuan Niu Xi is used for lower-body stasis patterns such as traumatic pain, amenorrhea, and fixed obstruction in the legs, low back, or joints., Guides Blood and rising heat downward ... it is chosen when headache, dizziness, or upward flaring patterns need a root that both descends and moves., Strengthens sinews and bones ... compared with more tonic Niu Xi lanes, this Cyathula source is usually read as the more channel-opening and movement-focused sibling for weak knees and chronic soreness., Promotes urination and frees the lower burner ... some traditions extend it to strangury or swelling patterns when damp obstruction and stasis coexist.. Research has investigated its effects on: A 2026 review synthesized botany, ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, safety, and quality control for Cyathulae Radix, showing that Chuan Niu Xi now has a much fuller modern evidence base than many regional Niu Xi variants (PMID 41260548).; A branched levan-type fructan isolated from Cyathula officinalis roots showed wound-healing activity in a 2026 study, supporting the herb's traditional reputation for helping damaged tissues recover after obstruction or injury (PMID 42280282)..
What are other names for Root of Medicinal Cyathula?
Root of Medicinal Cyathula is also known as Cyathula Root, Chuan Niu Xi Root. In TCM: 川牛膝 (Chuan Niu Xi); Radix Cyathulae.
Is Root of Medicinal Cyathula safe during pregnancy?
Root of Medicinal Cyathula is not recommended during pregnancy.
What are the contraindications for Root of Medicinal Cyathula?
Root of Medicinal Cyathula should not be used in: Pregnancy or attempts to conceive; Heavy menstrual bleeding or active hemorrhage without stasis; Marked Spleen deficiency with loose stool if the downward-moving action is inappropriate. Consult a qualified practitioner before use.