Elderberry
- Latin
- Sambucus nigra
Elderberry fruit products are widely used for colds, flu, and other respiratory symptoms. Small studies suggest a possible symptom benefit, but high-quality evidence is limited and elderberry is not a substitute for diagnosis, vaccination, or proven treatment.
Also Known As
Latin: Sambucus nigra
Traditional Context
European elderberry fruit is not a classical Traditional Chinese Medicine material. It is included as a common Western herbal supplement.
Primary Actions
- Traditionally used in European folk medicine for colds and flu
Secondary Actions
- Used in cooked syrups, foods, and beverages
Classical References
- European folk medicine tradition
Modern Research
Active Compounds
- Anthocyanins
- Cyanidin glycosides
- Flavonols
- Phenolic acids
Studied Effects
- Duration and severity of upper respiratory symptoms, with small and mixed trials
- Viral respiratory illness prevention and treatment, without conclusive evidence
- Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity
PubMed References
Safety & Interactions
Contraindications
- Use of raw or unripe berries, leaves, stems, or other uncooked plant parts
Cautions
- Raw or unripe fruit and other plant parts contain cyanide-producing substances that can cause serious gastrointestinal illness.
- Cooking eliminates the cyanogenic toxin in the fruit.
- Pregnancy and breastfeeding safety are not established.
Conditions
- Upper Respiratory Infection Research ★★☆☆☆ JSON
- Common Cold Research ★★☆☆☆ JSON
Frequently Asked Questions
What is Elderberry used for?
Elderberry is traditionally used to Traditionally used in European folk medicine for colds and flu. Research has investigated its effects on: Duration and severity of upper respiratory symptoms, with small and mixed trials; Viral respiratory illness prevention and treatment, without conclusive evidence.
What are other names for Elderberry?
Elderberry is also known as Black Elderberry, European Elder, Common Elder. In TCM: Sambucus nigra.
Is Elderberry safe during pregnancy?
The safety of Elderberry during pregnancy has not been established. Consult a qualified healthcare provider before use.
What are the contraindications for Elderberry?
Elderberry should not be used in: Use of raw or unripe berries, leaves, stems, or other uncooked plant parts. Consult a qualified healthcare provider before use.