Dandelion

Chinese
蒲公英
Pinyin
Pu Gong Ying
Latin
Herba Taraxaci

TCM Properties

Taste
bitter, sweet
Temperature
cold
Channels
Liver, Stomach, Lung

Traditional Use

Primary Actions

  • Clears heat and resolves toxicity - Pu Gong Ying is a major herb for boils, furuncles, breast abscess, and other hot toxic swellings, whether superficial or internal.
  • Reduces breast swelling and supports resolution of mammary abscess - it is one of the best-known herbs for painful red breast lumps, mastitis-type presentations, and nodular heat toxicity in the breast.
  • Clears fire and toxicity from the throat, eyes, and gums - it is used for sore throat, red painful eyes, and gum swelling when heat or toxin rises upward.
  • Clears damp-heat and promotes urination - traditional use also includes painful urinary difficulty, damp-heat jaundice, and heat-type diarrhea or dysentery.

Secondary Actions

  • Pu Gong Ying is stronger at heat-toxin and abscess work than many ordinary food-grade dandelion preparations, even though it remains gentler on the Stomach than some bitter detoxifying herbs.
  • Fresh juice, thick decoction, and topical applications all appear in traditional practice, especially for breast abscess, boils, and venomous bites.

Classic Formulas

  • Wu Wei Xiao Du Yin - Pu Gong Ying is one of the key toxin-resolving herbs in this classic formula for boils, carbuncles, and early suppurative swellings.
  • Pu Gong Ying with Gua Lou and Jin Yin Hua - a classic breast-abscess and nodulation-clearing strategy.
  • Pu Gong Ying with Yin Chen, Zhi Zi, and Da Huang - a damp-heat clearing combination for jaundice and lower-burner heat accumulation.

Classical References

  • Traditional texts describe Pu Gong Ying as bitter, sweet, and cold, entering the Liver, Stomach, and Lung to clear heat, remove toxicity, reduce abscesses, and drain damp-heat.
  • Its special reputation for breast abscess comes from its ability to clear heat-toxin from the Liver and Stomach while also helping the breast tissue soften and discharge.
  • Because Pu Gong Ying also clears the throat, eyes, gums, and urinary tract, it is broader than a simple skin-detox herb.

Modern Research

Active Compounds

  • Taraxasterol - a major triterpenoid associated with anti-inflammatory and metabolic studies
  • Chicoric acid and chlorogenic acid - prominent phenolic acids with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory interest
  • Flavonoids such as luteolin derivatives - relevant to anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity
  • Polysaccharides - immunomodulatory fractions increasingly studied in Taraxacum mongolicum

Studied Effects

  • A 2023 review summarized the chemical constituents and pharmacologic effects of the Taraxacum genus and confirms why Pu Gong Ying remains one of the most widely studied heat-clearing medicinal plants (PMID 37446683).
  • In a mouse model of Staphylococcus aureus mastitis, Taraxacum mongolicum reduced inflammatory signaling through TLR2, NF-kappaB, and MAPK pathways, which strongly aligns with the herb's traditional use for mastitis and breast abscess (PMID 33212175).
  • An antioxidant-identification study characterized multiple active radical-scavenging constituents from Taraxacum mongolicum, supporting the herb's modern anti-inflammatory and protective profile (PMID 18801488).

PubMed References

Safety & Interactions

Contraindications

  • Known allergy to dandelion or other Asteraceae plants
  • Use of high-dose extracts without attention to blood sugar or diuretic effects

Cautions

  • Memorial Sloan Kettering notes that dandelion can cause heartburn, stomach upset, rash, mild diarrhea, and low blood sugar in susceptible users.
  • MSK also notes preclinical estrogenic activity and advises caution with concentrated supplement use when hormone sensitivity is a concern.
  • Large amounts of tea or extract are more likely to cause side effects or medication interactions than ordinary food use.

Drug Interactions

  • Diuretics - dandelion may have additive diuretic effects
  • Hypoglycemic medications - dandelion may have additive blood-sugar-lowering effects
  • CYP1A2 and CYP3A4 substrate drugs - dandelion may alter metabolism and blood levels of these medications
  • UGT substrate drugs - animal studies suggest dandelion may affect glucuronidation pathways
  • Immunosuppressants metabolized through CYP3A4 - a case report linked toxic drug levels to tea containing dandelion

Conditions