Acalypha Herb

Chinese
铁苋菜
Pinyin
Tie Xian Cai
Latin
Herba Acalyphae

TCM Properties

Taste
bitter, astringent
Temperature
cool
Channels
Heart, Lung

Traditional Use

Primary Actions

  • Clears Heat and resolves toxicity - Tie Xian Cai is used for enteritis, dysentery, hepatitis-type heat, sores, boils, and damp-toxic skin lesions where cooling and detoxifying action is needed.
  • Checks dysentery and stops bleeding - classical indications include bloody stool, hematuria, epistaxis, hematemesis, metrorrhagia, and traumatic bleeding, especially when heat and dampness damage the collaterals.
  • Reduces stagnation and damp accumulation - the herb is also used in children for nutritional accumulation and in adults for chronic bowel irritation with heat-damp obstruction.

Secondary Actions

  • External use is common for snakebite, eczema, dermatitis, and minor traumatic bleeding because the fresh herb can be pounded directly onto the affected area.
  • Its profile overlaps with other heat-clearing whole herbs, but Tie Xian Cai stands out for combining detoxification, bowel-focused use, and a clear hemostatic reputation.

Classical References

  • Traditional herb sources describe Tie Xian Cai as bitter, astringent, and cool, entering the Heart and Lung channels while treating dysentery, bleeding, sores, and toxic swellings.
  • Regional Chinese practice preserved especially broad use of the whole plant in bowel disorders, hematuria, epistaxis, and externally for eczema or traumatic bleeding.
  • Older indications also include infantile malnutrition and malaria-type febrile disorders, reflecting the herb's role as a practical folk and local materia medica drug rather than a narrow elite classic tonic.

Modern Research

Active Compounds

  • Acalyphine and related alkaloid-like constituents - marker compounds discussed in older phytochemical literature
  • Tannins and phenolic acids - astringent constituents relevant to hemostatic and antimicrobial actions
  • Flavonoids and other polyphenols - antioxidant and anti-inflammatory fractions identified in modern extracts
  • Antibacterial fractions from the whole herb - bioactive constituents traced through spectrum-effect research

Studied Effects

  • Acalypha australis extract suppressed NF-kappaB signaling and reduced inflammatory injury in cell and septic-mouse models, supporting the traditional heat-clearing and detoxifying reputation of Tie Xian Cai (PMID 32014631).
  • Bio-affinity ultrafiltration work identified potential hemostatic compounds in Acalypha australis targeting urokinase plasminogen activator, which fits the herb's long-standing role in stopping bleeding (PMID 37571866).
  • Modern studies have also traced antibacterial fractions from Acalypha australis and shown benefit in colitis-related inflammatory models, linking the herb's traditional bowel use with contemporary anti-infective and anti-inflammatory research (PMID 23495243; PMID 40049341).

PubMed References

Safety & Interactions

Contraindications

  • Cold-deficiency diarrhea without heat or dampness
  • Use as a sole treatment for major hemorrhage

Cautions

  • Because Tie Xian Cai can astringe and stop bleeding, it should be matched to the right pattern rather than used indiscriminately in constipation-prone or very dry patients.
  • External fresh-herb use can irritate sensitive skin in some people; discontinue if rash worsens.
  • MSK page not found - drug interaction data not available from Memorial Sloan Kettering integrative medicine database

Conditions