Chuanxiong Rhizome, Szechuan Lovage Root

Chinese
川芎
Pinyin
Chuan Xiong
Latin
Rhizoma Chuanxiong

TCM Properties

Taste
acrid
Temperature
warm
Channels
Liver, Gallbladder, Pericardium

Traditional Use

Primary Actions

  • Invigorates Blood and dispels stasis
  • Promotes Qi movement and alleviates pain
  • Dispels Wind and relieves headache

Secondary Actions

  • Resolves Liver Qi constraint
  • Dispels Wind-Damp painful obstruction in joints
  • Aids postpartum recovery by clearing retained Blood

Classic Formulas

  • Chuan Xiong Cha Tiao San — dispels Wind and relieves Wind-type headache
  • Si Wu Tang — foundational Blood-nourishing formula for Blood deficiency
  • Xue Fu Zhu Yu Tang — invigorates Blood and dispels stasis in the chest
  • Sheng Hua Tang — addresses postpartum Blood stagnation and lochia retention

Classical References

  • Li Dongyuan: 'Headaches should not go without Chuan Xiong,' reflecting its premier role in headache treatment across pattern types

Modern Research

Active Compounds

  • Z-Ligustilide
  • Tetramethylpyrazine (TMP / Ligustrazine)
  • Ferulic acid
  • Senkyunolide A
  • Butylidenephthalide

Studied Effects

  • Comprehensive review documents cardiovascular, neuroprotective, and anti-inflammatory activities across chemical classes (PMID 40235541)
  • Ligustilide protects against renal ischemia-reperfusion injury by maintaining Sirt3-dependent mitochondrial homeostasis and reducing oxidative stress (PMID 39216302)
  • Z-Ligustilide promotes motor ability in experimental models by alleviating oxidative stress via intestinal microvilli (PMID 41482089)

PubMed References

Safety & Interactions

Contraindications

  • Pregnancy — stimulates uterine contractions; avoid except in specialist obstetric emergencies
  • Active hemorrhage or excessive bleeding unrelated to stasis
  • Yin deficiency with Heat — warm, dispersing nature worsens this pattern

Cautions

  • Combine with tonifying herbs when treating pure Qi or Blood deficiency
  • High doses may cause dizziness or vomiting

Conditions