Use with caution. Review interactions and contraindications below.
TCM Properties
- Taste
- sweet
- Temperature
- neutral
- Channels
- Lung, Kidney
Traditional Use
Primary Actions
- Promotes urination and reduces edema - used for facial swelling, abdominal distention from water retention, scanty urine, and damp fluid accumulation that needs a gentle draining herb.
- Drains Dampness and supports resolution of jaundice and urinary heat - extended to damp-heat jaundice, hot strangury, and hematuria in regional and folk practice.
- Relieves mild fluid-related fullness and swelling through a light food-medicine approach - the dried peel is milder than harsher diuretics and is often used when daily-life retention patterns need steady, moderate support.
Secondary Actions
- As a peel medicine, Hu Lu Ke is used more for fluid movement than for nourishment; it should be distinguished from the fresh vegetable, the seeds, and the bitter toxic fruit variants.
- Its reputation is strongest in household, regional, and adjunctive TCM use rather than in a handful of famous named classical formulas.
Classic Formulas
- Hu Lu Ke with Fu Ling, Zhu Ling, and Ze Xie - a straightforward edema pairing strategy for swelling, oliguria, and generalized water retention.
- Hu Lu Ke with Hua Shi, Mu Tong, and Che Qian Zi - used when damp-heat obstructs urination and produces burning, dribbling, or dark scanty urine.
- Hu Lu Ke with Yin Chen, Zhi Zi, and Jin Qian Cao - regional combination pattern for damp-heat jaundice with yellowing, abdominal fullness, and poor fluid movement.
Classical References
- IMPORT NOTE: the source XLSX used the generic pinyin 'Hu Lu' while the Latin clearly specifies Pericarpium Lagenariae. This record standardizes the drug-part identity to Hu Lu Ke, the dried bottle gourd peel or shell.
- TCMLY records Hu Lu Ke as sweet and relatively neutral, acting mainly through the Lung and Kidney channels, with traditional use for edema, difficult urination, jaundice, and hematuria.
- Regional sources vary in whether they describe the peel, shell, or whole fruit and in how strongly they emphasize modern metabolic uses, but they consistently agree on the core water-draining and swelling-reducing function.
Modern Research
Active Compounds
- Isoorientin and isovitexin (flavone C-glycosides) - antioxidant phenolics identified in bottle gourd material
- Saponarin (flavonoid glycoside) - a notable flavonoid constituent associated with antioxidant and metabolic research interest
- Phytosterols and triterpenes - lipid-modulating plant constituents investigated in whole-fruit and peel-related extracts
- Cucurbitacins (bitter tetracyclic triterpenoids) - toxic constituents that become especially relevant when bottle gourd material tastes unusually bitter
Studied Effects
- Antihyperlipidemic effects - oral Lagenaria siceraria fruit extracts lowered cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL while increasing HDL in rat studies; this supports the herb's regional reputation in metabolic swelling and heaviness disorders, though the research is mostly on whole fruit rather than the pharmacopoeial peel (PMID 17205712)
- Phytosterol-driven lipid benefits - isolated sterol fractions from Lagenaria siceraria showed additional antihyperlipidemic activity in preclinical work (PMID 22076759)
- Antioxidant and alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity - phenolic-rich bottle gourd extracts demonstrated antioxidant and carbohydrate-metabolism effects, helping explain why modern discussions sometimes extend Hu Lu Ke toward glycemic support (PMID 24059845)
- Severe bitter-fruit toxicity is well documented - bottle gourd material with pronounced bitterness can trigger abdominal pain, hematemesis, shock, and life-threatening reactions because of high cucurbitacin exposure (PMID 24360122)
PubMed References
Safety & Interactions
Contraindications
- Spleen and Stomach deficiency-cold
- Chronic loose stools or watery diarrhea
- Marked fluid depletion without true edema or damp retention
Cautions
- This record refers to Hu Lu Ke, the dried medicinal peel or shell, not to indiscriminate use of raw bottle gourd juice or bitter household fruit
- Any bottle gourd material with an unusually bitter taste should be discarded because cucurbitacin toxicity can cause severe gastrointestinal bleeding, shock, and medical emergencies
- Most modern metabolic studies use whole-fruit extracts rather than the peel-specific TCM drug part, so research claims should be interpreted conservatively
- MSK page not found - drug interaction data not available from Memorial Sloan Kettering integrative medicine database