Bergenin

Chinese
岩白菜素
Pinyin
Yan Bai Cai Su
Latin
Bergeninum

TCM Properties

Taste
bitter, sweet
Temperature
cool
Channels
Lung, Liver, Spleen

Traditional Use

Primary Actions

  • Relieves cough and facilitates phlegm resolution - modern Chinese use centers on chronic bronchitis, persistent cough, and phlegm-laden respiratory irritation, especially in tablet form.
  • Moderates inflammatory irritation in the Lung - the compound-level record reflects the long use of bergenin-containing source herbs for chronic inflamed airway states rather than acute exterior pathogens.
  • Bridges source-herb tradition and standardized manufacture - Yan Bai Cai Su is valued because it converts the cough-relieving activity of the Yan Bai Cai lineage into a measured single-ingredient or compound pharmaceutical.
  • Has broader anti-inflammatory extension beyond the Lung - modern work has expanded interest into intestinal, hepatic, and airway inflammatory models, although these are not classical stand-alone indications for the isolated compound.

Secondary Actions

  • This record represents an isolated constituent rather than a classical raw herb; its TCM profile is therefore inferred transparently from the Yan Bai Cai and Bergenia-derived medicinal lineage instead of being treated as an ancient independent materia medica entry.
  • In modern practice, bergenin is far more likely to appear in tablets and standardized respiratory products than in traditional decoction prescriptions.

Classic Formulas

  • Yan Bai Cai Su Pian (岩白菜素片) - standardized bergenin tablet used in modern Chinese respiratory practice for cough and chronic bronchitic irritation.
  • Fu Fang Yan Bai Cai Su Pian (复方岩白菜素片) - compound bergenin tablet widely used for chronic bronchitis, reflecting the modern pharmaceutical rather than ancient decoction use of this record.

Classical References

  • IMPORT NOTE: The source spreadsheet imported the isolated compound Yan Bai Cai Su rather than the parent herb Yan Bai Cai. This file is therefore handled like a modern compound-level respiratory record, not a classical single-herb entry.
  • Chinese herb sources for Yan Bai Cai describe the parent medicinal as sweet and astringent, cool, and entering the Liver, Lung, and Spleen, with cough-relieving and hemostatic actions; bergenin is one of its major active constituents.
  • Modern Chinese product literature treats bergenin as a principal active ingredient in antitussive and chronic-bronchitis preparations, which explains why this import record appears as a stand-alone substance.

Modern Research

Active Compounds

  • Bergenin (C-glycoside of 4-O-methyl gallic acid) - the principal bioactive compound represented by this record and a key standardized antitussive ingredient in China
  • Norbergenin (bergenin analogue) - a demethylated related phenolic reported alongside bergenin in source-plant chemistry work
  • Galloylated bergenin derivatives (phenolic derivatives) - related analogues used to map structure-activity relationships around the bergenin scaffold
  • Arbutin (co-occurring glycoside in source herbs) - part of the broader chemical background of Bergenia-derived medicinal materials
  • Catechin and gallic acid (co-occurring phenolics) - supporting compounds commonly discussed in source-herb chemistry alongside bergenin

Studied Effects

  • Respiratory inflammation control - bergenin reduced pulmonary edema, inflammatory-cell infiltration, cytokine release, and NF-kappaB pathway signaling in an acute lung injury model, supporting its respiratory-medicine reputation (PMID 28192201)
  • Asthma-related airway remodeling benefit - bergenin improved airway inflammation and remodeling by activating SIRT1 in macrophages and limiting NF-kappaB-driven cytokine production (PMID 36313381)
  • Systemic anti-inflammatory effect - bergenin ameliorated experimental colitis through PPARgamma and SIRT1-linked suppression of NF-kappaB-mediated macrophage activation (PMID 29375382)
  • Interaction-relevant pharmacology - in vitro work showed inhibition of CYP3A4, CYP2E1, and CYP2C9, suggesting that even a seemingly simple isolated compound may carry meaningful co-medication considerations (PMID 31070542)

PubMed References

Safety & Interactions

Contraindications

  • Patternless long-term self-treatment of chronic cough without clinical evaluation
  • Use in patients taking narrow-therapeutic-index drugs without medication review

Cautions

  • Because this is an isolated compound record rather than a food-grade crude herb, dose form and product standardization matter substantially
  • In vitro data suggest bergenin can inhibit CYP3A4, CYP2E1, and CYP2C9, so coadministration with heavily metabolized medications warrants caution even though no MSK monograph was found
  • MSK page not found - drug interaction data not available from Memorial Sloan Kettering integrative medicine database

Conditions